Religion, reason and faith
Religion and philosophy are different fields, but they are not antagonistic in that it has affinities and commonalities. The philosophy embraces the totality of reality and could not help but embrace the religion. In classical antiquity philosophy will be separated from religion and the man will explain the phenomena of nature is based on deities but in natural phenomena. Is replaced by awareness that the world is a problem that must be resolved not in accordance with religious ways but in conceptual ways, the reason. It is the emergence of rational thought. In the Middle Ages most of the medieval philosophers defended the existence of an agreement between reason and faith, although the reason was on the authority of the faith (the church is dominating).
Some philosophers have sought to reconcile as the case of St. Thomas Aquinas afirmavas that these two could be reconciled. However this reconciliation was only apparent because the reason could not contradict the faith. This time was called the age of darkness, the reason that people could not have contradictory ideas ace church. With the emergence of the Renaissance back to give value to the ancient philosophers, we spent the theocentrism for Anthropocentrism. Comes a new vision of the world, derived from discoveries that bring new worlds to the world. The emergence of new technologies of observation instruments that will enable the presentation of a new image of the cosmos. And this time the church enters a schism, derived from its non-evolving not keep up with new mentalities, such as Copernicus who comes claiming to be the sun and not the earth the center of the universe. In modernity has an image of the stable universe, marveling at the wonder of the world and only a powerful entity would be capable of such a thing. It tries to explain by rational arguments to prove the existence of God by thinkers with René Descartes and Leibniz.
From the century . XVIII the rise of the experimental method and the possibilities offered scientific research will lead to many men to see in science knowledge par excellence. The areas outside of science would not provide a decent credibility know. It is this position that is held by Auguste Conte says that religion be something of the past. However for the human knowledge come to this so called scientific study it was necessary to go through the previous two periods : the theological state that corresponds to the childhood of humanity that man to explain the phenomena resorted to supernatural beings ; and the metaphysical state in which you talk about abstract and occult forces .Until we reach the ideal state in which the man explains the phenomena not based on hidden deities or forces but through laws , obtained through observation and mathematical reasoning .